Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF)
Japanese Name:
自衛隊
Romaji Name:
jieitai
Description
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The Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF) are the unified military forces of Japan, established for the purpose of defending the country and maintaining peace. The JSDF consists of three branches: the Ground Self-Defense Force, the Maritime Self-Defense Force, and the Air Self-Defense Force. Unlike traditional militaries, the JSDF is focused primarily on defense and disaster relief, operating under a pacifist constitution that limits Japan’s use of force.
History
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Post-WWII Foundation: After Japan’s defeat in World War II, its military was disbanded under the Allied occupation, led by the United States. The 1947 constitution, particularly Article 9, renounced war as a means of settling international disputes and prohibited Japan from maintaining a traditional military.
Creation of the JSDF: In 1954, Japan established the Self-Defense Forces to protect the nation from external threats, as tensions in East Asia grew during the Cold War. The National Police Reserve, initially formed in 1950, evolved into the Self-Defense Forces under the Self-Defense Forces Act.
Cold War and U.S. Alliance: During the Cold War, Japan's Self-Defense Forces were closely tied to the U.S.-Japan Security Treaty, with the United States providing military protection in exchange for military bases in Japan.